述职范文|初中定语从句教案(汇编十一篇)_初中定语从句教案
发表时间：2020-11-02初中定语从句教案(汇编十一篇)。
◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
定语从句考点总结
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。
关系副词有：when, where, why, how。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
关系代词引导的定语从句
1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换).
例如：
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等.
例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
(which / that在句中作宾语)
关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
不用that的情况：
a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时
(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b) 介词后不能用
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
c) 多用who 的情况
①关系代词在从句中做主语
A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend.
②先行词为those, people 时
Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth.
③先行词为all, anyone, ones, one 指人时
One who doesn't work hard will never succeed in his work.
④在There be句型中There is a stranger who wants to see you.
⑤在被分隔的定语从句中
A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.
⑥在有两个定语从句的句子中，其一用who，其二用that,但若先行词后接两个以上的并列定语从句时，后一个必须重复前一个关系代词。
The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very modest and studies very hard.
There is a teacher who is always ready to help others and who enjoys what he does.
只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a)在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
All that is needed is a supply of oil.
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
b)先行词有the only, the very, the just修饰时，只用that。
He is the very man that helped the girl out of the water.
c)先行词为序数词(the last)、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。
The first English book that I read was "The Prince and the Pauper" by Mark Twin.
d)先行词既有人，又有物时。
He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited.
e)当主句是以who 或which 开始的特殊疑问句时，用that 以避免重复。
Who is the person that is standing at the gate.
f)关系代词在从句中做表语
He is not the man that he used to be.
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点、方式或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where, why, how的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用.
例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
I'm surprised the way how (by which) he works out the problem.
注意：
①在非限制性定语从句中，"介词+ which"结构不能代替关系副词。
如：They set up a state for their own , where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.
②含有介词短语的动词一般不能拆开，介词仍放在动词后面。
Is this the book which (that) she was looking for?
名词/数词/代词 /形容词最高级 + 介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句
She has written a book , the name of which I have forgotten.
There are fifty-five students in our class , all of whom are working hard.
There are five continents in the world , the largest of which is Asia.
as, which 引导非限定性定语从句的差别
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
as可引导非限制性从句，常带有“正如”的意思。
As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
用法区别：
(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。
As we all know, he never smokes.
(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which。
(3)非限定性定语从句中出现expect, think, suppose 等表示猜测、想象、预料等时。
She succeeded in her doing the research work , as we expected.
(4)As 的用法 the same? as; such?as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和??一样??。
I should like to use the same tool as is used here.
We should have such a dictionary as he is using.
◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
定语从句在英语中被称为adjective clause，是一种通过描写、限制或者说明名词的从句，通常用来修改主句中的名词或代词。在高中英语学习中，定语从句是一个非常重要的语法知识点，掌握它能够帮助学生提高语言表达的准确性和流畅性。为此，老师们制作了一份精美的高中定语从句课件，旨在帮助学生更好地理解和掌握这一知识点。
这份课件从定语从句的概念、功能、结构和使用方法等方面进行了详细的讲解。课件会介绍定语从句的定义和作用，让学生明白定语从句是如何帮助我们准确描述和限定名词的。课件会详细解释定语从句的结构，包括引导词、连接词和从句中的成分等，帮助学生了解定语从句的构成方式。
在课件的学习过程中，学生会通过丰富多样的例句和练习题来巩固所学知识。这些例句涵盖了各种不同的句型和语境，在帮助学生理解定语从句的同时，还能提高他们的语言运用能力。而练习题则可以检测学生对定语从句的掌握程度，帮助他们发现和解决自己的学习问题。
除了基础知识的讲解和练习，这份课件还设计了一些有趣的互动环节，比如定语从句的小游戏和角色扮演活动等。通过这些互动环节，学生不仅能够在活泼有趣的氛围中学习，还能够更加深入地理解和运用定语从句。这种全方位的学习方式不仅可以提高学生的学习兴趣，还能够激发他们学习英语的积极性和热情。
这份高中定语从句课件是一份生动具体且详细的教学材料，能够有效地帮助学生掌握定语从句这一重要的语法知识点。通过这份课件的学习，学生可以更好地理解和运用定语从句，提高自己的语言表达能力，为将来的英语学习打下坚实的基础。
◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
定语从句总结表格，一起来看看吧。
定语从句
关系
代词指代例句
who指人,宠物,This is the man who helped me.
whose所有格,
指人,物This is the boss whose name is Michael.
whom宾语, 指人The doctor whom you are looking for
is in the room.
that人,物,
主语或动宾This is the boy that broke the window.
which人,物,The building which is in front of you
主语或介宾 is our school.
I am going to drop out school, （非限）
which makes my parents worried.
关系
副词
when从句时间Do you remember the day
when he came to see you?难点Is Sheba the dog who was killed last year? (指代动物)This is the boss in whose company my farther is working now. (复杂结构)whose = the…of which (P314)There was no one to whom I can turn for help.(复杂结构)of whom (其中) most of whom, none of whom…He is the only person that I want to talk to. (不用which) (P315)作表语: He is no longer the man that he used to be.of which (其中) most of which, none of whichin which case / during which time / at which time 引导从句It was in 1979 that he was elected Chairman.It was 1979 when he was elected Chairman of our club.
I bought the book 2 years ago, since when I have used no others.
Cases are introduced to you
where从句地点why
特殊
as限制性
定语从句
非限制性
定语从句You have reached the point where a change is needed.Tell me the reason why you are late.the same…as (P320)such…as They use such simple words as can be understood by us.as…as (P320)(正如) as is mentioned above as has been reported before
as is often the case as is known to all where you can employ this law.(condition, circumstances, system, example…)I am going to Shanghai where lives my aunt. (从句倒装)I climbed to the top of the mountain, from where I could see thewhole city.先行词只有reasonCan you repeat the reason that you gave yesterday?They use such simple words that we can understand them.(状语从句中，that不担任成分,不可以省略)可以位于句首, 与主语从句区分It is known to all that… (形式主语)As is known to all, (定语从句)What is known to all is that (主语从句)
◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
1.先行词是人，作主语，关系代词用who, that
eg. He is a man（ ） never leaves today’s work till tomorrow.
The boy ( ) is standing there is my cousin.
2. 先行词是人，作宾语，关系代词用 whom, who, that,
eg. Here is the man ( ) you’ve been expecting to meet.
The man ( ) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith.
3. 先行词是物，作主语，关系代词用which, that
eg . The train （ ） has just left is for Guangzhou.
Children like to read books ( ) have wonderful pictures.
4. 先行词是物，作宾语，关系代词用which, that,或省略
eg. The book ( ) you borrowed yesterday is really interesting.
The pen ( ) my uncle gave me is missing.
5. 先行词是人、物，作定语，关系代词用whose
eg. He is the professor ( ) name was Jackson.
China, （ ） population is the largest in the world, is developing very fast.
Ⅲ. 关系副词 1.先行词是表示时间的名词，在定从中作时间状语，关系代词用when eg. I can’t remember the date ( ) he went abroad. I’ll never forget the day ( ) I joined the army. 2.先行词是表示地点的名词，在定从中作地点状语，关系代词用where; 其中注意表示抽象概念的地点名词，如，situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度时，也需用where eg. This is the village （ ） Uncle Wang once lived. They have reached the point ( ) they have to separate with each other. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ( ) he is likely to lose control over the plane. 3. 先行词是reason，在定从中作原因状语，关系代词用why eg. I don’t know the reason ( ) he was late. None of us know the reason ( ) Tom was absent from the meeting. 4.引导定语从句的关系副词也可以用“适当介词 + which”来代替。 eg. October 1, 1949 was the day when （ = ） the People’s Republic of China was founded. This is the factory where（= ） we worked a year ago. I don’t believe the reason why (= ) he was late for school. 定语从句，起形容词的作用，在句中常用来修饰名词或代词。被修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词称为关系词, 关系词的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起引导作用;二是在意义上代替先行词,并在从句中充当一个成分。其中关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as；关系副词：when, where, why。 eg. She is the girl who sings best of all. The pen which my uncle gave me is missing. He lives in a house whose windows face south. The factory where my father works is in the east of the city. Perhaps the day will come when people will be able to breathe clean air in cities. 教学目标 1. 知识目标：掌握下列重点单词和词组的意思及用法ache， evercise， weight， give up， interest及其词汇转化 2. 能力目标：能够询问有关健康的信息，表达态度，提供建议。学习使用由whose引导的定语从句。 3.情感目标：通过了解tony 的经历，培养体谅、关爱他人的情感态度。 教学重难点 1.重点：对话中的句型应用，由whose引导的定语从句 2.难点：由whose引导的定语从句的运用。 教学工具 课件 教学过程 [课前朗读]: 朗读生词ache， exercise， weight， give up， interest， tasty----taste， menu， persuade.根据音标读出单词并了解汉语意思，养成学生自主学习词汇的习惯，促使学生迅速进入学习状态。 [检查词汇预习]： a.采取学生结对、小组互查等形式来检查学生对词汇的预习情况。 b.朗读单词，注意发音。 一、情境导入 教师可问学生：(1)What’s your favourite sport?(2) How do you think we can keep fit?(3) Have you ever remembered what happened to Tony in Module9?这样会调动学生用英语思维的积极性， 引出本单元话题。 二、小听力(自主完成，合作释疑) 听Activity 2，完成表格 Betty Lingling Taijiquan Weight training Running 针对表格进行说的练习。如：How does Lingling think of Taijiquan and running? 三、大听力 多层听 1.听Activity 3，完成下列各题。 1).Who has Betty bumped into? A. The head teacher B. The English teacher C.Lingling and Betty 2).Does Daming think that the boy in his team can go to a sports school ? A. Yes， he does B. No， he doesn’t C. We don’t know 3).What does Daming want the head teacher to write ? A. Something about staying healthy B. Something about training for the Olympics C. something about buying a camera 2. 再听Activity 3，完成下列表格。 1. How did Tony feel the basketball training? 1. He feels very 2. What will the boy in Daming’s team need to do? 2. He needs to do a lot of___ _____ 3. Why isn’t allowed to use his father’s camera any more? 3. Because he almost __ ______ it last time. 四、默读对话，自主完成Activity 4. 完成后小组展示并纠正。小组间合作解决activity 3中不懂的地方，教师适时点拨。 五、突破重点与难点 对重点内容和疑难问题进行合作探究学习。 1.My legs ache a bit. ___________________(翻译) (1) a bit 译为_____________. 其同义短语是___________. 自主造句:_______________________________. 2. Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.__________________________. give up， 放弃。其中up是代词，后跟名词作宾语时可放在短语 ，也可放在 ，而跟代词宾语时只能放 。例如：give it/them up放弃做某事----give up doing sth. 自主造句： _______________________. 我们学过的可加动名词的动词或短语有 3.He is not fit or strong enough.____________________________ 总结enough 的用法并举例 自主造句: 4. I’ve got a friend whose brother is training for the Olympics.此句含有一个whose 引导的定语从句，whose在从句中作定语，又如： He is the only student in our class whose father is a policeman. There is a boy whose parents want him to go to a sports school. 先行词为无生命的物体时也可以用whose 引导定语从句.如： The book whose cover is green is mine. No one now lives in the room whose windows are broken. 5.找出含有whose 的定语从句并翻译句子。分析定语从句的先行词。 5. 自主补充完善 六、归纳短语 通过对对话的学习，让学生归纳本课的短语，可以小组合作，然后通过展示呈现出一个小组的成果，然后其他小组补充完善。 七、诵读积累 (一)跟录音机朗读对话，模仿语音语调。 (二)读熟对话 (三)读烂短语 (四)读烂下列重点句子 1.Don’t give up if you want to stay fit. 2. He isn’t fit or strong enough. 3.I’m not allowed to use it any more. 4.It’s my father who gives me my pocket money. 5. Don’t talk to me about that. 6. What’s up? 7.Guess what? 8. (含有whose的定语从句) 八、说的训练： Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Activity 5. 九、当堂检测 翻译下列短语及句子： 1.放弃___________________ 2.一点_____________________________ 3.保持健康 _______________ 4.足够强壮_________________ 5.碰巧遇到_________________ 6.发生什么事了?_________________ 7.看起来像 ________________ 8.祝你好运 ________________ 一教学目标 1 复习和掌握定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的作用和功能，能准确选择定语从句所需的关系代词或关系副词。 2 能较好地运用定语从句，能正确组织包含定语从句的复合句。 3通过学习调动学习积极性，使学生体会到英语的趣味和实用性。 二、重难点： 提高学生对语法复习的兴趣和积极性，较好地掌握定语从句的用法，理解定语从句，运用知识点解题。 三、学情分析 语法向来是学生头痛的一项内容，而定语从句在历来的`中考试题中都有所体现，因此,掌握这一内容显得尤其重要。而对于我们农村学生来说，英语的基础比较差，再加上语法复习基本以呈现理论为主再辅以练习，内容枯燥，学生兴趣不够，容易分散注意力，所以应溶入一些新的教学元素。中学生争强好胜，喜欢新事物，于是我考虑借用大家感兴趣的话题通过竞争法、音像法等促进学生的热情，增强学习的效果。 四、教学方法 以学生为主体，尝试创新思维，联系社会采用讨论、协作、探究、竞争的教学模式，引导学生灵活运用所学语法知识。 五、教学手段 利用多媒体计算机创设教学情景、问题情景，扩大教学容量，增强教学的趣味性和时效性。 六、课前准备 教师准备相关多媒体课件。 七、教学课时：一课时 八、教学过程 Step 1：示范 教师利用多媒体向学生展示本校优美的校园和丰富的校园生活。请学生描述所看到的情景和人物，教师同时向学生用含有定语从句的句子总结学生的表述，引出定语从句。 学生：This is our classroom. It is bright and big. Or: This is our classroom. We study in the classroom every day. 教师：This is our classroom that is bright and big. Or: This is our classroom where we study every day. 学生：This is our English teacher. He loves us all. Or: This is our English teacher. His pronunciation is perfect. 教师：This is our English teacher who loves us all. Or: this is our English teacher whose pronunciation is perfect. 设计意图： 课前用数码相机拍几张校园里的人和物的图片，上课时用多媒体展示给学生看，让学生有亲近感，拉近了师生距离，使学生产生表达的欲望。 学生的已有语言基础充许他们介绍所看到的图片，教师在学生描述的基础上，用合并两个简单句的方法，导入定语从句。 Step 2：语言活动 Game 1：一个比划一个猜 游戏规则： 1． 两个人配合，一个人面对屏幕、另一个人背对屏幕，面对屏幕的用英语解释屏幕上出现的某种事物，背对屏幕的那个人则要根据同伴的解释猜出它的名称。 2． 规定所猜的单词必须是教室范围以内的。 3． 全班分几个小组，老师在屏幕上展示一张物品或人物图片，然后由面对屏幕的同学用英语来进行解释，解释对了而且同伴答对了，加一分，如果使用定语从句进行解释，就再加一分。 Some objects that are used in the game: Computer, dictionary, textbook, chair, money, door, eraser, television, pocket, chalk, window, pen, glasses, shoes, paper, knife, pencil, keys, clock, door, water, knife, wall, keyboard, floor Door: something you open before you enter a house or a room Water: something that you drink when you are thirsty Television: something which can broadcast news and other programs 其中有一些单词需要用介词加关系代词引导的定语从句来进行解释，如： Dictionary: a book in which we can find the meanings or the pronunciation of a new word Chair: a piece of furniture on which people sit Money: something with which we can buy things Computer: a machine with which we are playing the game Game 2：竞猜游戏（判断他／她是谁或它是什么） 1． 活动形式：6～8人小组活动 2． 情境设置：教师先对教室里的人、事或物进行口头描述。学生听后作出口头反应（说出是谁或是什么）。例如： T: She is a girl who got three gold medals in the last sports meet. S: Wu Yan. T: Right. Now another one. It is a book that can tell you the meaning of new words when you study English. S:A dictionary. 3． 游戏规则：游戏分初赛和复赛；初赛后每组选出优秀选手3人参加复赛。为了使任务更加有趣，组员每猜中一次可得一分；教师将学生猜中的人或物写在黑板上，以防重复猜测；最后角逐出前三名，并予以奖励。 4． 操作步骤： 1） 教师布置任务，讲清游戏规则； 2） 学生活动，教师当裁判并维持秩序； 3） 角逐出复赛选手，复赛后予以奖励。 5． 注意事项： 1 . TomisoneoftheboyswhoarefromtheUSA 2 . thebookthatyouborrowedfrommeyesterdayishelens,notmine 3 . AscanbeseenasIexpected 4 . Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhichhewasborn他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 5 . Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesn’tknowthis? 6 . Toshutyoureyestofacts,asmanyofyoudo,isfoolish 7 . ④先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时 8 . Thedoctor(whomyouarelookingforisintheroom 9 . Hewillgiveyousuchinformationaswillhelpyou 10 . 这就是我上周参观过的那家工厂。 Teaching Aims:(教学目的) 1、初步了解定语从句的概念、结构。 2、初步学习并掌握定语从句的规则，尤其是关系代词『who，which，that以及whose』的用法。 Teaching Points:(教学重点) 1.定语从句三要素及关系词的选用 2.只能that或which的情况; Teaching Methods:(教学方法) 1、举例讲解，说明定语从句的用法。 2、以讲练结合的方法加深学生印象。 Teaching Steps:(教学步骤) Step1.导入 一、定语及定语从句的概念： a beautiful girl a handsome boy a clever child 1、 定语是用来修饰名次或代词的。 This is the boy who is clever. 2、定语从句(Attributive Clauses)定义：在主从复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句 定语从句的特点： 定语从句 的引导词关系代词where (地点状语)关系副词 when (时间状语) why (原因状语) Step2:详细讲解定语从句语法知识 1、who和whom指人，在从句中分别做主语和宾语，做宾语时可被省略。 the handsome the tall the strong boy The boy is Tom. the clever the naughty The boy is Tom. 2、which指物，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可被省略。 3、that既可指人也可指物，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可被省略。 4、whose作定语，用来表示先行词和从句主语之间的所属关系。 Step3 定语从句考查重点： 定语从句在下列情况下只能用that，而不能用which指物。(指人时可以用who/whom) 1. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： 2. 当先行词是不定代词everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。如： 3. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如： 4. 当先行词被表示“正是”的the very, the only修饰时。如： 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如： 6. 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如： Step 4 Summary:(小结) 注意 关系词的实质： Step 5 Practices(homework): Part 1.结合课文例句，找出先行词和关系词 1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that nigh. 2. It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away. 3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals. 4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 5. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 6. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Part2 名言名句欣赏 1. He laughs best who laughs last. 2. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. 3. He that gains time gains all things. 4. He who nothing questions, nothing learns. 5. He that cannot ask cannot live. 6. A friend is someone who knows all about you and still loves you. 7. God helps those who help themselves. 8. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man 9. He who does not advance loses ground. Part3 practice 1. Do you know the girl _____ is talking with your mother? A. who B. which C. whose D. / 2. This is the kite _______ Billy Fisher gave to Tom A. who B. which C. / D. Both B and C 3. He was the only one ______ was saved in the earthquake. A. who B. that C. which D. A and B 4. This is the only present _____ I like. A. who B. that C. which D. B and C 5. This is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever seen. A. which B. who C. where D. / 6. All _______ I can do is to give him some money. A. that B. which C. who D. what 7. Is there anything else _____ you need? A. which B. that C. who D. what 8. The museum _____ we visited last week isn’t far from here. A. where B. which C. what D. who 9. Most of the people ____ lost their lives in the earthquake are Sichuan natives. A. when B. who C. how D. which 10. The boy ____ you saw just now is Tom’s brother. A. which B. whose C. when D. / 11. The bike and its rider _____ had run over an old woman were helped up by the policeman. A. which B. that C. it D. whom 12. Is this the factory _____ you worked five years ago? A. in which B. in where C. in that D. that 二、用适当的关系代词填空 1. Do you like the present _______ I bought you yesterday? 2. The storybook _______ was written by his uncle is quite interesting. 3. The boy _______ computer doesn’t work well needs your help. 4. This is the best movie _______ we have seen this year. 5. The doctor _______ we met in the street is from America. 6. The passengers and the suitcases _____ were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane. 7. Who is the girl _______ you want to make friends with? 8. This is the last lesson _______ Mr. Smith taught us. 9. I, _____ am your friend, will help you out. 10. The building ___________ wall is white is my uncle’s house. 11. The boy _______ John spoke with is my brother. 12. Will you please lend me the very picture _________ you bought yesterday? 13. The students ________ the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor. 14. The season _________ comes after spring is summer. 15. This is the first museum __________ we visited last Saturday. 16. The girl ________ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to the hospital. 17. I found some photos of interesting places _________ were not far away from our city. 18. There is a boy downstairs _________ want to see you. 19. The river ________ banks are covered with trees is very long. 20. I’m going to meet Tom ______ they say is a good boy. 如果一个定语从句在句中的作用是修饰和限定名词，那么通常就采取译为前置定语的方法。但注意译成前置定语后既不能影响原文所表达的意思，还要使整个句子的表达言简意赅、连贯通顺、语气较强。 例句：Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. 译文：水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。 在前置译法的过程中如果定语从句中的谓语不含有具体意义，可省译从句中的谓语。这种译法很简便，也很有效。 有时候，出于汉语行文的需要和逻辑关系方面的考虑，可将定语从句提在主语之前翻译，用来说明情况，但不作为被修饰名词的定语。 例句：There are also great advantages that come from the variety of culture brought by settlers from other lands. 译文：移民从个地方带来了多种文化，产生了极大的好处。 二、后置译法 我们都知道，英语中很多定语从句都是为了连接两个具有共同名词的句子而存在的'，因此在翻译时最好分为两个分句。而对于起限定作用的定语从句，如果结构较为复杂，句子太长，无法译成前置的定语，最后就译成一个后置的并列分句，这样更合乎汉语的习惯。 例句：Our war against terror is a contest of will in which perseverance is power. 译文：我们的反恐战争是一场意志力的较量。在这场较量中，不屈不挠的精神就是力量。 结构较复杂的定语从句常译成后置的并列分句，在多数情况下要重译先行词，或即便句子不长，出于某种原因需要强调先行词，也要重译先行词。 例句：Days and nights are very long on the moon, where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth. 译文：在月亮上，白天和黑夜都相当长，月亮上的一天等于地球上的两周。 有些定语从句翻译时译成后置分句，但可不重译先行词，任符合汉语习惯。 例句：Both picnics and BBQ are friendly, informal social events that offer an opportunity to enjoy a meal outside in pleasant surroundings. 译文：野餐和烧烤都是友情洋溢、不拘礼节的社交活动，可以让大家在户外的一个怡情的环境里高高兴兴地美餐一顿。 三、转换译法 有的定语从语法结构上是定语，其定语的作用，从意义上说又相当于一个状语从句，所以常常被称为状语化的定语从句，说明时间、原因、条件、结果、目的、让步、假设等关系。其中表示因果关系的是考研阶段最为重要的知识点。 例句：I’m not speaking of the few thousand astronomers, geographers and so forth who could give, or have a theoretical knowledge of that proof, but of the ordinary newspaper-reading citizens, such as you or we. 译文：我说的不是数千位天文学家、地理学家之类的人，因为他们可以用观察到的事实或用理论上的依据来证实这点，我指的是如同你我一样只会看报纸的普通读者。 修饰名词或者代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词；定语从句的引导词叫关系词（关系代词&关系副词）；定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句（前有逗号隔开） 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that which who whom whose as 关系副词有：when where why： 1. that 与which 在指代物时的用法区别 that 和which都可以引导先行词为物的定语从句，但是用法有区别： ① 只能用that的五种情况 a. 先行词为不定代词或先行词由不定代词修饰时 b. 先行词前有最高级或序数词修饰时 c. 先行词即有人又有物时 d. 先行词前有the very, the only修饰时 e. 主句为which,或who 引导的特殊疑问句时 ② 只能用which的两种情况 a. 非限定性定语从句中 b. 介词之后引导定语从句时 2．which与as的区别 as 和which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句，三种情况下只能用as，不能用which a. as置于句首引导定语从句时（As we know,…） b. as 含有“正如”之意（…as we expected） c. 先行词前有such, the same 修饰时（…such an easy question as the little boy can answer.） 3. who、whom、that 的区别 a.先行词为those或people 时，常用关系代词who,不用that b.介词之后用关系代词whom引导定语从句 4. whose 用法 whose+n. 引导定语从句的结构是定语从句的一个考查热点，此结构可以换成是the+n.+of+which引导定语从句或者可以换成是of which +the+n. e.g.The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of which were made of small diamonds. whose hands / of which the hands 5. 介词+关系代词引导定语从句的用法 a. 介词之后的关系代词只能用which（先行词为物）或者是whom（先行词为人） b. 介词的选择方法有三个原则：一“先”二“动”三“意义” I lost my pen, with which I took notes. (先行词为pen,使用钢笔用with) This is the house in which he lives. (定语从句中谓语动词live为不及物动词) The gas is oxygen without which we can’t live. (根据句意决定) 6. 先行词为way时 先行词为way，在定语从句中作状语时，用that，in which引导定语从句，也可以省略关系词。 e.g. I don’t like the way(that/in which) he speaks to his parents. 7. 关系副词when、where、when引导定语从句的具体用法 ① 先行词表示时间、地点、原因时，在定语从句中作状语，选择相应的关系副词when、where、why引导定语从句。若其在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则选择关系代词引导定语从句。区别三组例句： when my brother was a little boy. b. I still remember the time that/which we spent together. why he was late. c. This is the reason that/which he gave us. ②某些非地点时间名词有定语从句修饰，关系词在从句中作状语，由where引导定语从句（stage, case, point, situation）；同样用法的还有occasion,由when引导定语从句。 e.g. I can think of many cases where students know a lot of words but don’t write a good essay. There are many occasions when people don’t know what they want. 8. 定语从句中的谓语动词 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词保持一致。 e.g. Anyone who wants to have a holiday puts up your hand. Those who want to have a holiday put up your hand. This is one of the students who have passed the exam. This is the only one of the students who has passed the exam. 9. 区分定语从句和其他句型 ①区别于简单句和并列句 It is in the classroom (where we have classes) that the meeting will be held. (定语从句修饰先行词the classroom) (强调句型，强调部分为介词短句in the classroom) ③区别于同位语从句 that she had passed the exam （同位语从句：对名词解释说明） The news excited us. that he told us （定语从句：对名词修饰限定） ④区别于状语从句 Do you know the time when the class is over? (定语从句，有先行词) Let’s play games when the class is over.（时间状语从句，无先行词） Put the book where it belongs. (地点状语从句，无先行词) 10. 定语从句中关系词的省略 定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词可以省略，介词之后的关系代词不可省略。 This is the house which he lives in. (√) This is the house he lives in. (√) This is the house in which he lives. (√) This is the house in he lives. (×)◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
◍ 初中定语从句教案 ◍
我们精彩推荐初中定语从句教案专题，静候访问专题：初中定语从句教案
